Desarrollo y validación de la versión abreviada del Transsexual Voice Questionnaire for Male-to-Female Transsexuals en español / Development and validation of the Spanish abbreviated version of the Transsexual Voice Questionnaire for Male-to-Female Transsexuals

OBJETIVO: El objetivo de este estudio es crear y validar un cuestionario abreviado de la versión española del Transsexual Voice Questionnaire for Male-to-Female Transsexuals (VeTVQMtF). METODOLOGÍA: El estudio fue dirigido por 2 hospitales de referencia para la feminización quirúrgica de la voz y por un departamento universitario de psicología y rehabilitación vocal, todos ellos en España. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo de 51 mujeres transexuales a las que se les intervino de feminización quirúrgica de la voz entre enero 2017 y diciembre 2018. La VeTVQMtF fue rellenada por las mujeres transexuales antes y después de la cirugía y los 10 ítems de este cuestionario que más variaron fueron seleccionados por un grupo de expertos en feminización de la voz, para desarrollar la versión abreviada de la VeTVQMtF (VeTVQMtF-10). Se estudió la correlación entre la puntuación total y la puntuación de cada ítem en la VeTVQMtF y en la VeTVQMtF-10. Se analizó la consistencia interna de la VeTVQMtF-10. RESULTADOS: Se encontró una buena correlación entre los 2 cuestionarios (coeficiente de Pearson > 0,90), una buena correlación entre la puntuación total y la puntuación de cada ítem de la VeTVQMtF-10 y una correlación negativa entre la de la VeTVQMtF y la frecuencia fundamental de la voz tras la cirugía. El alfa Cronbach fue de 0,79. CONCLUSIÓN: La VeTVQMtF-10 es una versión abreviada válida de la VeTVQMtF y podría usarse para valorar la calidad de vida relacionada con la voz en mujeres transexuales en el idioma español

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to create and validate an abbreviated version of the Spanish Transsexual Voice Questionnaire for Male-to-Female Transsexuals (SvTVQMtF). SETTING: The study was conducted by two referral hospitals for voice feminization surgery and by a university department of psychology and speech therapy, all in Spain. Subjects and methods: We prospectively studied 51 male-to-female transsexuals who underwent voice feminization surgery between January 2017 and December 2018. The SvTVQMtF was completed before and after surgery, and the 10 items with the greatest variation were selected by clinical consensus of an expert panel to develop the short version of the SvTVQMtF (SvTVQMtF-10). The correlation between the total score and the score for each item on the SvTVQMtF and the SvTVQMtF-10 was studied. The internal consistency of the SvTVQMtF-10 was analysed. RESULTS: Good correlation (Pearson coefficient above .90) was found between the two questionnaires. A significant correlation was found between the total SvTVQMtF-10 score and the score for each item. A significant negative correlation was found between the SvTVQMtF and fundamental frequency after voice feminization surgery. Cronbach's Alpha was .79. CONCLUSION: The SvTVQMtF-10 is a valid short version of the SvTVQMtF and can be used to quantify voice-related quality of life in MtF transsexuals

Development and validation of the Spanish abbreviated version of the Transsexual Voice Questionnaire for Male-to-Female Transsexuals. / Desarrollo y validación de la versión abreviada del Transsexual Voice Questionnaire for Male-to-Female Transsexuals en español.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to create and validate an abbreviated version of the Spanish Transsexual Voice Questionnaire for Male-to-Female Transsexuals (SvTVQMtF). SETTING: The study was conducted by two referral hospitals for voice feminization surgery and by a university department of psychology and speech therapy, all in Spain. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We prospectively studied 51 male-to-female transsexuals who underwent voice feminization surgery between January 2017 and December 2018. The SvTVQMtF was completed before and after surgery, and the 10 items with the greatest variation were selected by clinical consensus of an expert panel to develop the short version of the SvTVQMtF (SvTVQMtF-10). The correlation between the total score and the score for each item on the SvTVQMtF and the SvTVQMtF-10 was studied. The internal consistency of the SvTVQMtF-10 was analysed. RESULTS: Good correlation (Pearson coefficient above .90) was found between the two questionnaires. A significant correlation was found between the total SvTVQMtF-10 score and the score for each item. A significant negative correlation was found between the SvTVQMtF and fundamental frequency after voice feminization surgery. Cronbach's α was .79. CONCLUSION: The SvTVQMtF-10 is a valid short version of the SvTVQMtF and can be used to quantify voice-related quality of life in MtF transsexuals.

Factores de riesgo y características vocales en los cantantes de coros amateur / Mapping of vocal risk in amateur choir singers

INTRODUCCIÓN: Los cantantes son uno de los grupos de profesionales de la voz con mayor prevalencia de patología vocal y están expuestos a muchos factores de riesgo. Esto se acrecienta en el caso de los cantantes de coros amateurs que no suelen recibir nociones de técnica vocal. MÉTODO: Se estudiaron las características vocales y los factores de riesgo de 39 cantantes de coros amateur mediante el índice de incapacidad vocal abreviado (VHI-10), el índice de incapacidad vocal para el canto (S-VHI), laringoestroboscopia y análisis vocal. RESULTADOS: Los cantantes que no habían recibido clases de técnica vocal obtuvieron puntuaciones más altas tanto en el VHI-10 (10.5; p=.001) como en el S-VHI (55.9; p=.010) frente a los que sí (4 en el VHI-10 y 31.4 en el S-VHI). Respecto al sexo, encontramos que las mujeres alcanzan puntuaciones más altas (51.6) que los hombres (35) en el S-VHI (p=.019). En la muestra encontramos 9 sujetos (23.1%) con signos de fatiga vocal y 6 (15.4%) con reflujo. En el análisis acústico la frecuencia es más alta en la voz cantada (278.1HZ) que en la hablada (168.4Hz), los armónicos también son mayores en voz cantada (28dB) que en voz hablada (22dB), los valores de jitter son más altos en la voz hablada (0.24) que en la cantada (0.14) y los del shimmer también son más altos en la voz hablada (1.71) que en la cantada (1.23). CONCLUSIONES: La falta de nociones de técnica vocal en cantantes de coros amateur condiciona una mayor puntuación en los test VHI-10 y S-VHI, así como alteraciones en la laringe

INTRODUCTION: Singers are one of the groups of voice professionals with a higher incidence of vocal disorders which expose them to many risk factors. These risks are even higher in singers in amateur choirs, who usually lack vocal technique. METHOD: Vocal traits and risk factors of 39 amateur choir singers were studied using the VHI-10, the S-VHI, laryngeal examination and acoustic analysis. RESULTS: The singers who had not received lessons in vocal technique obtained higher marks in VHI-10 (10.5; P=.001) as well as in S-VHI (55.9; P=.010) compared to those who had (4 in VHI-10 and 31.4 in S-VHI). As regards sex, we find that women achieve higher marks (51.6) than men (35) in the S-VHI (P=.019). In the sample we find 9 subjects (23.1%) with evidence of vocal fatigue and 6 (15.4%) with reflux. In the acoustic analysis we observe that the frequency is higher in the singing voice (278.1HZ) than in the speaking voice (168.4Hz), the harmonics are also higher in the singing voice (28dB) than in the speaking voice (22dB), the jitter values are higher in the speaking voice (.24) than in the singing voice (.14), and shimmer values are also higher in the speaking voice (1.71) than in the singing voice (1.23). CONCLUSION: The lack of vocal technique in amateur choir singers determines a higher mark in the VHI-10 and S-VHI tests together with alterations to the larynx

[Primary myringoplasties. Results after a 2 year follow-up period]. / Miringoplastias primarias. Resultados a los 2 años de seguimiento.

INTRODUCTION AND GOALS: The goals of myringoplasty are closure of the perforation in the tympanic membrane and improvement in hearing levels, with varying results in the published literature. Our aim was to determine the results of this procedure at our centre and compare them with the literature. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 217 primary myringoplasties carried out in the Otorhinolaryngology Department of the Ramón y Cajal University Hospital between 1998 and 2003, describing the characteristics of the perforations, surgical technique and post-operative results (perforation closure and hearing improvement). RESULTS: The majority were adults with perforations secondary to recurrent middle ear infections (91%). Most were less than subtotal (64%) and did not involve the tympanic annulus (79%). Grafts were inserted using lateral (45%), mixed (29%) and medial (26%) techniques, using retroauricular (66%) and endaural (34%) approaches. Temporal muscle fascia was the graft most frequently used (87%). Perforation closure was achieved in between 78% and 91% of cases throughout the 24-month follow-up period, with an overall closure value of 78% after 2 years of follow-up. Hearing improvement, established as an air bone gap difference of less than 20 dB, was seen in approximately 56% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: At our centre, myringoplasty achieves anatomical (78%) and functional (56%) success comparable to the results described in the literature. We consider medium-term follow-up to be of the utmost importance because of reperforation phenomena, which may occur as much as 2 years or more after surgery.

Miringoplastias primarias. Resultados a los 2 años de seguimiento / Primary myringoplasties. Results after a 2 year follow-up period

Introducción y objetivos: La miringoplastia tiene como finalidad el cierre de la perforación timpánica y mejorar la audición, con resultados variables en la literatura. Nuestro objetivo fue saber cuál es la realidad de esta cirugía en nuestro centro y compararla con la publicada. Métodos: Análisis retrospectivo de 217 miringoplastias primarias efectuadas en el Servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal entre los años 1998 y 2003, con descripción de las características de perforación, técnica quirúrgica y resultados postoperatorios (cierre de la perforación y mejoría de la audición). Resultados: En su mayoría eran adultos y la etiología principal fue la secuela otorreica (91 %). Predominaron perforaciones menores a subtotal en tamaño (64 %) que no afectaban al anillo timpánico (79 %). La técnica de colocación del injerto respecto al resto timpánico fue lateral (45 %), mixta (29 %) y medial (26 %); se utilizó el abordaje retroauricular (66 %) y endoaural (34 %). La fascia de músculo temporal fue el injerto más utilizado (87 %). El cierre de la perforación se consiguió entre un 78 y un 91 % de los casos a lo largo de los 24 meses de seguimiento, con un valor final del 78 % a los 2 años de seguimiento. La mejora de la audición, reflejada como un umbral diferencial audiométrico menor de 20dB, se observó en aproximadamente el 56 % de los casos. Conclusiones: La miringoplastia en nuestro centro alcanza cifras de éxito anatómico (78 %) y funcional (56 %) comparables con las de la literatura. Consideramos fundamental el seguimiento a medio plazo de los pacientes por el fenómeno de reperforación, que puede ocurrir hasta pasados 2 años o más (AU)

Introduction and goals: The goals of myringoplasty are closure of the perforation in the tympanic membrane and improvement in hearing levels, with varying results in the published literature. Our aim was to determine the results of this procedure at our centre and compare them with the literature. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 217 primary myringoplasties carried out in the Otorhinolaryngology Department of the Ramón y Cajal University Hospital between 1998 and 2003, describing the characteristics of the perforations, surgical technique and post-operative results (perforation closure and hearing improvement). Results: The majority were adults with perforations secondary to recurrent middle ear infections (91 %). Most were less than sub-total (64 %) and did not involve the tympanic annulus (79 %). Grafts were inserted using lateral (45 %), mixed (29 %) and medial (26 %) techniques, using retroauricular (66 %) and endaural (34 %) approaches. Temporal muscle fascia was the graft most frequently used (87 %). Perforation closure was achieved in between 78 % and 91 % of cases throughout the 24-month follow-up period, with an overall closure value of 78 % after 2years of follow-up. Hearing improvement, established as an air bone gap difference of less than 20dB, was seen in proximately 56 % of cases. Conclusions: At our centre, myringoplasty achieves anatomical (78 %) and functional (56 %) success comparable to the results described in the literature. We consider medium-term follow-up to be of the utmost importance because of reperforation phenomena, which may occur as much as 2 years or more after surgery (AU)